Table 2 Crude associations between independent variables and OSA risk, by sex
| Â | Women | Â | Men | Â | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
High Risk n (%) | Low Risk n (%) | p | High Risk n (%) | Low Risk n (%) | p | |
Socio-demographics | ||||||
 Age (years) | ||||||
   < 50 | 46 (9.1) | 458 (90.9) |  | 68 (18.1) | 308 (81.9) |  |
  50–59 | 110 (17.7) | 513 (82.3) |  | 165 (30.6) | 375 (69.4) |  |
  60–69 | 140 (23.7) | 450 (76.3) |  | 176 (33.1) | 355 (66.9) |  |
  70–79 | 106 (26.6) | 293 (73.4) |  | 142 (37.9) | 233 (62.1) |  |
  80 +  | 53 (23.7) | 171 (76.3) | < .001 | 76 (36.5) | 132 (63.5) | < .001 |
 Home location | ||||||
  Farm | 154 (16.2) | 798 (83.8) |  | 262 (27.9) | 676 (72.1) |  |
  Non-farm | 301 (21.8) | 1077 (78.2) | < .001 | 363 (33.5) | 720 (66.5) | .007 |
 Partner status | ||||||
  Married | 334 (18.2) | 1505 (81.8) |  | 564 (32.8) | 1157 (67.2) |  |
  Common-law | 15 (21.1) | 56 (78.9) |  | 18 (29.0) | 44 (71.0) |  |
  Widowed | 71 (24.2) | 222 (75.8) |  | 16 (30.2) | 37 (69.8) |  |
  Separated/divorced | 22 (31.9) | 47 (68.1) |  | 13 (20.0) | 52 (80.0) |  |
  Single/never married | 12 (19.4) | 50 (80.6) | 0.01 | 16 (12.9) | 108 (87.1) | < .001 |
 Employment Status | ||||||
  Employed | 189 (16.8) | 937 (83.2) |  | 398 (28.0) | 1025 (72.0) |  |
  Retired | 165 (23.3) | 542 (76.7) |  | 201 (36.8) | 345 (63.2) |  |
  Homemaker | 84 (19.6) | 345 (80.4) |  | n/a | n/a |  |
  Other | 16 (21.6) | 58 (78.4) | .007 | 25 (48.1) | 27 (51.9) | < .001 |
 Education | ||||||
  Post-secondary | 198 (16.4) | 1010 (83.6) |  | 165 (24.3) | 513 (75.7) |  |
  High school or less | 246 (22.3) | 859 (77.7) | < .001 | 456 (34.5) | 865 (65.5) | < .001 |
 Income adequacy | ||||||
  Highest | 148(14.8) | 849 (85.2) |  | 268 (28.6) | 669 (71.4) |  |
  Middle | 144 (23.0) | 482 (77.0) |  | 171 (30.5) | 389 (69.5) |  |
  Lowest | 97 (27.2) | 259 (72.8) |  | 74 (32.3) | 155 (67.7) |  |
  Missing | 66 (18.3) | 295 (81.7) | < .001 | 114 (37.5) | 190 (62.5) | .032 |
 Financial strain (money left over at end of the month) | ||||||
  Some money | 247 (17.5) | 1164 (82.5) |  | 360 (28.2) | 915 (71.8) |  |
  Just enough money | 88 (20.3) | 346 (79.7) |  | 112 (32.2) | 236 (67.8) |  |
  Not enough money | 84 (32.8) | 172 (67.2) |  | 77 (37.9) | 126 (62.1) |  |
  Missing | 36 (15.1) | 203(84.9) | < .001 | 78 (38.2) | 126 (61.8) | .002 |
Health behaviors | ||||||
 Smoking status | ||||||
  Current smoker | 43 (19.6) | 176 (80.4) |  | 54 (29.8) | 127 (70.2) |  |
  Ex-smoker | 183 (23.6) | 593 (76.4) |  | 325 (38.0) | 530 (62.0) |  |
  Never smoker | 228 (17.1) | 1109 (82.9) | .001 | 245 (24.8) | 742 (75.2) | < .001 |
 Binge drinking | ||||||
  Yes | 41 (16.9) | 201 (83.1) |  | 143 (30.4) | 328 (69.6) |  |
  No | 409 (19.8) | 1656 (80.2) | .287 | 477 (31.0) | 1064 (69.0) | .807 |
 Exercise | ||||||
  Yes | 216 (15.3) | 1195 (84.7) |  | 244 (25.8) | 701 (74.2) |  |
  No | 227 (25.6 | 661 (74.7) | < .001 | 367 (35.4) | 670 (64.6) | < .001 |
Comorbidities | ||||||
 Heart disease | ||||||
  Yes | 70 (39.3) | 108 (60.7) |  | 118 (52.4) | 107 (47.6) |  |
  No | 385 (17.8) | 1777 (82.2) | < .001 | 509 (28.2) | 1296 (71.8) | < .001 |
 Diabetes | ||||||
  Yes | 95 (46.1) | 111(53.9) |  | 132 (55.0) | 108 (45.0) |  |
  No | 360 (16.9) | 1774 (83.1) | < .001 | 495 (27.7) | 1295 (72.3) | < .001 |
 High cholesterol | ||||||
  Yes | 193 (32.7) | 398 (67.3) |  | 273 (45.8) | 323 (54.2) |  |
  No | 262 (15.0) | 1487 (85.0) | < .001 | 354 (24.7) | 1080 (75.3) | < .001 |
 COPD | ||||||
  Yes | 37 (30.6) | 84 (69.4) |  | 78 (52.7) | 70 (47.3) |  |
  No | 447 (20.5) | 1737 (79.5) | .008 | 717 (35.2) | 1322 (64.8) | < .001 |
 Asthma | ||||||
  Yes | 70 (30.6) | 159 (69.4) |  | 63 (37.3) | 106 (62.7) |  |
  No | 385 (18.2) | 1726 (81.8) | < .001 | 564 (30.3) | 1297 (69.7) | .060 |
 Depression | ||||||
  Yes | 88 (30.9) | 197 (69.1) |  | 44 (41.9) | 69 (58.1) |  |
  No | 367 (17.9) | 1688 (82.1) | < .001 | 583 (30.3) | 1342 (69.7) | .012 |
 Injury (Last 12 months) | ||||||
  Yes | 54 (23.2) | 179 (76.8) |  | 72 (30.8) | 162 (69.2) |  |
  No | 374 (18.5) | 1652 (81.5) | .08 | 525 (30.5) | 1199 (69.5) | .92 |
Quality of life | ||||||
 Self-rated physical health | ||||||
  Good/very good/excellent | 351 (17.1) | 1703 (82.9) |  | 465 (27.0) | 1257 (73.0) |  |
  Fair/poor | 103 (36.7) | 178 (63.3) | < .001 | 157 (52.3) | 143 (47.7) | < .001 |
 Self-rated mental health | ||||||
  Good/very good/excellent | 391 (18.0) | 1779 (82.0) |  | 567 (29.9) | 1330 (70.1) |  |
  Fair/poor | 61 (37.4) | 102 (62.6) | < .001 | 58 (46.8) | 66 (53.2) | < .001 |
 Change in health | ||||||
  Better | 89 (20.2) | 351 (79.8) |  | 94 (32.6) | 194 (67.4) |  |
  Same | 274 (16.9) | 1343 (83.1) |  | 422 (27.8) | 1097 (72.2) |  |
  Worse | 90 (32.6) | 186 (67.4) | < .001 | 107 (50.2) | 106 (49.8) | < .001 |
 Perception of stress | ||||||
  Not/barely stressful | 163 (17.1) | 788 (82.9) |  | 248 (28.1) | 635 (71.9) |  |
  Somewhat stressful | 207 (19.8) | 840 (80.2) |  | 270 (31.2) | 595 (68.8) |  |
  Very stressful | 82 (24.5) | 253 (75.5) | < .001 | 105 (39.2) | 163 (60.8) | .003 |
 Community support | ||||||
  High | 151 (17.6) | 706 (82.4) |  | 180 (27.5) | 475 (72.5) |  |
  Medium | 121 (19.5) | 498 (80.5) |  | 170 (28.3) | 430 (71.7) |  |
  Low | 154 (22.0) | 547 (78.0) | .100 | 217 (35.3) | 397 (64.7) | .004 |