Table 6 Phenotypes across sleep apnea severity categories
From: Distinct polysomnographic and ECG-spectrographic phenotypes embedded within obstructive sleep apnea
Phenotype across apnea severity categories | Mild | Moderate | Severe | Extreme | Chi2, p, for phenotypes across categories |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Chemoreflex phenotype—PSG (CAI ≥ 5/hour of sleep) | 0 (0%) | 1 (0.25%) | 13 (4.1%) | 15 (8%) | 44.86, <0.001 |
Chemoreflex phenotype—spectrogram (e-LFCNB present) | 4 (7.4%) | 70 (23.7%) | 75 (23.4%) | 67 (35.6%) | 4.83, 0.19 |
Sleep fragmentation phenotype—sleep efficiency ≤ 70% | 13 (18.6%) | 82 (20.8%) | 53 (16.6%) | 48 (25.5%) | 6.16, 0.10 |
Sleep fragmentation phenotype—N1 ≥ 30% | 3 (4.3%) | 24 (6.1%) | 45 (14.1%) | 76 (40.4%) | 124.78, <0.001 |
Sleep fragmentation phenotype—WASO ≥ 60 min | 38 (54.3%) | 240 (60.9%) | 196 (61.3%) | 136 (72.3%) | 10.42, 0.02 |
Sleep fragmentation phenotype—spectrogram (HFC ≤ 30%) | 9 (16.7%) | 75 (25.3%) | 80 (38.3%) | 79 (70.5%) |  |
Sleep consolidation phenotype—sleep efficiency ≥ 90% | 22 (31.4%) | 76 (19.3%) | 55 (17.2%) | 27 (14.4%) | 9.89, 0.02 |
Sleep consolidation phenotype—N1 ≤ 10% | 42 (60%) | 157 (39.9%) | 85 (26.6%) | 33 (17.6%) | 58.01, <0.001 |
Sleep consolidation phenotype—WASO ≤ 30 min | 15 21.4%) | 57 (14.5%) | 34 (10.6%) | 15 (8%) | 11.08, 0.01 |
Sleep consolidation phenotype—spectrogram (HFC ≥ 50%) | 28 (51.9%) | 126 (42.6%) | 61 (29.2%) | 15 (12.3%) | 2.46, 0.48 |