Changes in insomnia as a risk factor for the incidence and persistence of anxiety and depression: a longitudinal community study

Table 2 Incident insomnia (T1-T2) as a risk factor for the incidence of anxiety and depression at 6-month follow-up (T2): Descriptive statistics, univariate logistic regression analyses and multivariate logistic regression analyses

Health condition (T2)	Changes in insomnia status [M (SD)]: No incident health condition	Changes in insomnia status [M (SD)]: Incident health condition	Unadjusted model OR (95% CI)	Adjusted model OR (95% CI) ^a
Anxiety	.017 (.30)	−.080 (.40)	0.37 (0.16–0.86)^*	0.32 (0.13–0.77)^*
Depression	.024 (.29)	−.067 (.58)	0.39 (0.18–0.87)^*	0.43 (0.18–0.92)^*

Observe that a positive mean value for changes in insomnia status indicates remission over time at the group level; a negative value suggests incidence. CI confidence interval, OR Odds ratio. ^* Significant at the .05 level. ^a Odds ratios adjusted for age, gender, civil status, vocational status, educational level, place of birth, anxiety (when depression was the dependent variable), and depression (when anxiety was the dependent variable)

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