Changes in insomnia as a risk factor for the incidence and persistence of anxiety and depression: a longitudinal community study

Table 4 Incident insomnia (T1-T2) as a risk factor for the persistence of anxiety and depression at 6-month follow-up (T2): Descriptive statistics, univariate logistic regression analyses and multivariate logistic regression analyses

Health condition (T2)	Changes in insomnia status [M (SD)]: Remission of health condition	Changes in insomnia status [M (SD)]: Persistent health condition	Unadjusted model: OR (95% CI)	Adjusted model: OR (95% CI) ^a
Anxiety	.210 (.48)	.098 (.49)	0.62 (0.31–1.23)	0.68 (0.31–1.44)
Depression	.192 (.44)	.018 (.49)	0.44 (0.18–1.04)	0.30 (0.10–0.93)^*

Observe that a positive mean value for changes in insomnia status indicates remission over time at the group level; a negative value suggests incidence. CI Confidence interval, OR Odds ratio. ^* Significant at the .05 level. ^a Odds ratios adjusted for age, gender, civil status, vocational status, educational level, place of birth, anxiety (when depression was the dependent variable), and depression (when anxiety was the dependent variable)

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