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Table 3 Correlations between sociodemographic measures, and sleep at 6 and 12 months, and executive function at 30 monthsa

From: Sleep during infancy, inhibitory control and working memory in toddlers: findings from the FinnBrain cohort study

  Child’s age at 30-month Child’s sex Parity Gestational age Birth weight INTER-NDA mean cognitive score Maternal educational level Maternal age when baby born
r (p) F (p) F (p) r (p) r (p) r (p) F (p) r (p)
Nighttime sleep duration at 6 mo 0.11 (0.044)* 0.22 (0.640) 0.78 (0.377) 0.04 (0.418) −0.01 (0.855) 0.02 (0.683) 0.68 (0.509) −0.10 (0.054)
Nighttime sleep duration at 12 mo −0.06 (0.268) 0.10 (0.750) 0.27 (0.603) 0.12 (0.019)* 0.03 (0.523) −0.00 (0.948) 2.77 (0.064) 0.13 (0.015)*
Daytime time sleep duration at 6 mo 0.04 (0.462) 1.56 (0.212) 8.42 (0.004)** −0.03 (0.578) 0.09 (0.058) −0.03 (0.581) 0.03 (0.966) 0.04 (0.398)
Daytime time sleep duration at 12 mo 0.01 (0.849) 1.06 (0.305) 0.01 (0.923) 0.03 (0.499) 0.02 (0.673) −0.02 (0.730) 0.18 (0.839) 0.03 (0.591)
Total sleep duration at 6 mo 0.10 (0.064) 0.00 (0.947) 9.38 (0.002)** 0.02 (0.768) 0.09 (0.059) −0.03 (0.589) 0.70 (0.495) −0.08 (0.100)
Total sleep duration at 12 mo −0.09 (0.119) 2.84 (0.093) 0.00 (0.990) 0.14 (0.007)** 0.09 (0.072) −0.04 (0.402) 3.22 (0.041)* −0.10 (0.049)
Proportion daytime sleep at 6 mo −0.04 (0.479) 0.84 (0.359) 3.55 (0.060) −0.04 (0.429) 0.09 (0.060) −0.04 (0.405) 0.14 (0.873) 0.02 (0.692)
Proportion daytime sleep at 12 mo 0.03 (0.627) 1.42 (0.234) 0.31 (0.579) −0.04 (0.433) 0.05 (0.319) −0.04 (0.464) 0.27 (0.760) 0.05 (0.198)
Number of awakenings/night at 6 mo 0.06 (0.284) 4.47 (0.035)* 0.01 (0.913) −0.07 (0.156) −0.08 (0.096) − 0.01 (0.877) 2.02 (0.134) 0.03 (0.481)
Number of awakenings/night at 12 mo −0.00 (0.975) 0.53 (0.466) 0.08 (0.780) −0.13 (0.012)* −0.08 (0.138) − 0.07 (0.179) 2.95 (0.054) 0.15 (0.004)**
Time awake / night at 6 mo 0.16 (0.004)** 0.58 (0.448) 1.24 (0.265) −0.03 (0.580) −0.00 (0.941) − 0.04 (0.454) 0.78 (0.457) 0.15 (0.004)**
Time awake / night at 12 mo 0.02 (0.748) 0.02 (0.876) 0.30 (0.586) −0.05 (0.406) −0.05 (0.246) 0.00 (0.995) 1.29 (0.278) 0.04 (0.493)
Snack Delay, Hands version, 30 mob 0.03 (0.549) 11.99(0.001)*** 0.36 (0.550) 0.03 (0.475) 0.03 (0.579) 0.08 (0.104) 1.39 (0.249) −0.05 (0.355)
Spin the Pots at 30 mob 0.15 (0.003)** 7.75 (0.006)** 0.24 (0.626) 0.18(< 0.001)*** 0.06 (0.191) 0.10 (0.033)* 3.08 (0.047)* 0.01 (0.860)
  1. mo Months
  2. *p value < 0.050
  3. **p value < 0.010
  4. **p value ≤0.001
  5. aFor the correlation analyses, the continuous values of each of the sleep variables were used (i.e., total score). Pearson correlations (r) were used for all the covariates, except for maternal educational level, child’s sex and parity where ANOVA test (F) was applied
  6. bCorrelation between Snack Delay, Hands version and Spin the Pots: r = 0.239, p < 0.001
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Sleep Science and Practice

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