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Table 1 Study population characteristics, participants who opted in and contributed data for the Sleep Mission. For reference, the characteristics of the full PBHS cohort are included; characteristics for which this study cohort showed significant differences compared to the originating PBHS population are indicated in the column with the p-value for these comparisons

From: Lingering impacts on sleep following the Daylight Savings Time transition in the Project Baseline Health Study

 

Sleep Mission, analysis cohort

n  = 136

PBHS Cohort

N  = 2502

P -value

Mean age, y (SD)

61.3 (15.2)

52.8 (17.1)

< 0.01*

Female, n (%)

82 (60.3)

1375 (55.0)

0.34

Enrolled in California, n (%)

85 (62.5)

1500 (60.0)

0.64

Race/Ethnicity, n (%)

 White

101 (74.3)

1582 (63.2)

0.01*

 Black

14 (10.3)

400 (16.0)

0.49

 Asian

11 (8.1)

260 (10.4)

0.78

 Native Hawaiian and/or Pacific Islander

3 (2.2)

27 (1.1)

0.90

 American Indian or Alaska Native

1 (0.7)

31 (1.2)

0.95

 Other

6 (4.4)

202 (8.1)

0.67

 Hispanic ethnicity

7 (5.1)

291 (11.6)

0.45

Education, n (%)

 High school or less

6 (4.4)

183 (7.3)

0.74

 Some college

33 (24.3)

478 (19.1)

0.50

 College

43 (31.6)

678 (27.1)

0.54

 Graduate degree or higher

47 (34.6)

708 (28.3)

0.38

Income, n (%)

 < $25,000

7 (5.1)

207 (8.3)

0.72

 $25,000–49,999

20 (14.7)

266 (10.6)

0.62

 $50,000–99,99

32 (23.5)

514 (20.5)

0.70

 $100,000-149,999

24 (17.6)

337 (13.5)

0.60

 $150,000-199,999

12 (8.8)

204 (8.2)

0.94

 >= $200,000

24 (17.6)

377 (15.1)

0.75

Marital status, n (%)

 Married

73 (53.7)

1112 (44.4)

0.13

 Divorced

14 (10.3)

198 (7.9)

0.78

 Formerly in long term relationship

4 (2.9)

104 (4.2)

0.89

 Living together

9 (6.6)

217 (8.7)

0.81

 Never in long term relationship

14 (10.3)

253 (10.1)

0.98

 Separated

3 (2.2)

53 (2.1)

0.99

 Widowed

11 (8.1)

80 (3.2)

0.56

Other

 Mean PHQ-9 score

3.1

3.7

0.16

 Mean daily steps in first 30 days, median (IQR)

7802 (4922)

8417 (4830)

0.15

 Self-reported sleep apnea diagnosis, n (%)

24 (17.6)

191 (7.6)

0.21

Top 3 Medical Conditions, n(%)

 Hypertension

48 (35.3)

728 (29.1)

0.38

 Gastroesophageal reflux disease

40 (29.4)

484 (19.3)

0.18

 Osteoarthritis

39 (28.7)

556 (22.2)

0.39

  1. *P-values are based on the null hypothesis that the two populations have the same distribution for the respective variable. For binary variables such as “Female, N (%)”, we use the difference of binomial proportions; for continuous variables such as age, we use Wilcoxon rank-sum test. P-values marked with asterisks indicate statistical significance (p < 0.05)